BakuTiflis

  • Donju: North Korea’s NEPMen

    North Korea is quite possibly one of, if not the last, traditional socialist planned economies that exist on earth. However, with all the state governance and control over the country’s political economy, an entrepreneur class has emerged called the “donju.” In some respects, they are akin to the Soviet Nepmen during the New Economic Policy…

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  • China: The Rise of the Electrostate

    In an era of accelerating energy transitions and rising geopolitical rivalries, such as those between China and the USA, a new paradigm is emerging in the global political economy which can be called the electrostate. In contrast to the traditional concept of a petrostate, which is typically reliant on fossil fuel exports, an electrostate is…

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